Every Cargo Requires Its Own Approach

Every Cargo Requires Its Own Approach

Liquids are carefully poured into barrels and tanks, general cargo is allocated additional space, and oversized goods are carefully packed into containers. However, there is a special type of cargo that does not require packaging at all. We are talking about bulk cargo—loose materials that are transported "as is."

What is Bulk Cargo? 

Bulk cargo refers to loose materials that cannot be packaged in barrels, boxes, or bags. These materials come in the form of granules, powders, or chunks of various sizes, which are simply poured into the vehicle's cargo area. This can include coal, sand, crushed stone, grain, gravel, or even salt.  

The main feature of such cargo is that it cannot be transported in containers. Instead, specialized dump trucks or wagons are used, where the material is loaded from the top. This not only saves time but also significantly simplifies the loading and unloading process.  

Classification of Bulk Cargo 

Bulk cargo is broadly divided into two categories: grain (oats, buckwheat, etc.) and non-grain.  
The latter group includes bulk food products not related to grains, as well as construction materials and minerals:  

• Sand;  
• Crushed stone;  
• Gravel;  
• Expanded clay;  
• Coal;  
• Ore.  

How Bulk Cargo is Transported

Each bulk cargo substance has its own characteristics, which determine the mode of transport and the method of transportation.  

• Factors to consider include:  
• Physical;  
• Biological;  
• Chemical properties of the cargo.  

The moment bulk cargo is considered accepted for transportation is when the consignor receives the transportation receipt.  

Some bulk products are hazardous and must be transported in special sealed containers. Grain, on the other hand, is transported in open-sided trucks to prevent rotting. It is covered with a tarp—a dense fabric that allows air but not moisture—to protect it from rain, dust, and wind.  

Bulk Cargo Transportation by Road

 
Loading and transporting bulk materials requires special care. It is essential to correctly calculate the volume and weight, as well as consider the vehicle's speed to avoid damaging the road surface or obstructing other road users.  

Different types of bulk cargo cannot be transported together in one trip, not even grain with grain. If the truck also carries lightweight, bulky cargo, it should be placed near the front wall.